ACNE

What is Acne? Acne is a disorder of the oil glands that causes the skin’s pores to clog, producing blemishes. It most frequently appears on the face but can also show up on the neck, back, chest and shoulders. What are the common causes of acne? Hormonal Changes Menstruation, pregnancy and stopping or starting birth control pills can contribute. Heredity Many woman and men are genetically predisposed to acne Cosmetics Oil based makeup can clog pores Stress It can cause flare-ups in some people Prescription Drugs Certain medication may trigger acne. Ask your physician or pharmacist if a drug you’re taking could have this side effect. Environment Irritant, such as pollution and high humidity, can worsen acne What treatments are there to use? Benzoyl peroxide This is an acne-fighting agent found in OTC cream, gels and soaps. It improves mild cases of acne by limiting the formation of new blackheads and white heads, and should be applied daily. Salicylic acid This is an OTC ingredient found in acne cleaners, gels and creams. It helps unclog pores and prevents new blemishes. This treatment is best for mild to moderate acne and must be used continuously or pores may re-clog Antibiotics These are used to treat moderate to severe cases. They slow the growth of acne and reduce inflammation. Antibiotics may be prescribed as topical creams, gels, lotions, or oral medications. Retinoids (Retin-A, Avita or Tazorac) These are prescribed for moderate to severe acne. These vitamin A creams unclog pores and help skin cells shed. Tazorac is the most potent topical product for severe acne. Isotretinion (Accutane) This is an oral medicine that treats severe nodular or cystic acne. It works by reducing the level of oil on the skin. Accutane is often effective when other treatments fail, but it may cause serious side effects, including birth defects should you become pregnant while on the medication or immediately after therapy stops. How can I prevent acne? Seek a doctor’s care early if over-the-counter (OTC) treatments aren’t effective Don’t scrub skin too vigorously, since it may make acne worse Shampoo often if you have oily hair Avoid alcohol-based astringents, which may irritate inflamed skin Use oil-free or noncomedogenic (non-pore-clogging) cosmetics Keep your hands away from your face